This book consists of the author’s 14 theses on the history of political thoughts of modern China, including Freedom and Prosperity: Problems and Paradox of YAN Fu, LIANG Qichao: Between Civic Nationalism and Statism, etc. Using a large number of sources from the Republic of China period, the author expresses his patriotic consciousness, national enthusiasm, and concern for people with reasonable analysis and unique views, and explores the political thoughts of modern China by integrating his own political ideal into the book based on the reality and an overall view of China and the world.